Manufacturers should consider:

• Sales forecasts for each product line and expected market growth.
• Nicotine concentration and formulation requirements by product.
• Production schedules and capacity to estimate timing and volume.
• Inventory levels, lead times, and safety stock requirements.
• Seasonal demand and new product launches.
• Supplier reliability, MOQ, and procurement lead times.
• Regulatory changes that may affect formulations or markets.
• Historical consumption and demand trends to improve forecast accuracy.